33. Search in Rotated Sorted Array

Medium (Trung bình) Python 🔗 Xem trên LeetCode

📋 Đề Bài

There is an integer array nums sorted in ascending order (with distinct values).

Prior to being passed to your function, nums is possibly rotated at an unknown pivot index k (1 <= k < nums.length) such that the resulting array is [nums[k], nums[k+1], ..., nums[n-1], nums[0], nums[1], ..., nums[k-1]] (0-indexed). For example, [0,1,2,4,5,6,7] might be rotated at pivot index 3 and become [4,5,6,7,0,1,2].

Given the array nums after the possible rotation and an integer target, return the index of target if it is in nums, or -1 if it is not in nums.

You must write an algorithm with O(log n) runtime complexity.

 

Example 1:

Input: nums = [4,5,6,7,0,1,2], target = 0
Output: 4

Example 2:

Input: nums = [4,5,6,7,0,1,2], target = 3
Output: -1

Example 3:

Input: nums = [1], target = 0
Output: -1

 

Constraints:

  • 1 <= nums.length <= 5000
  • -104 <= nums[i] <= 104
  • All values of nums are unique.
  • nums is an ascending array that is possibly rotated.
  • -104 <= target <= 104

🧠 Thuật Toán & Kỹ Thuật

Binary Search (Tìm kiếm nhị phân)
⏱️ Thời gian O(log n)
💾 Không gian O(n)

💻 Lời Giải

Python 0033-search-in-rotated-sorted-array.py
class Solution:
    def searchMinimum(self, nums, left, right):
        while left <= right:
            mid = left + (right - left) // 2
            if (mid == left or nums[mid - 1] > nums[mid]) and (mid == right or nums[mid + 1] > nums[mid]):
                return mid
            elif nums[mid] > nums[right]:
                left = mid + 1
            else:
                right = mid - 1
    
    def binarySearch(self, nums, left, right, target):
        while left <= right:
            mid = left + (right - left) // 2
            if nums[mid] == target:
                return mid
            elif nums[mid] < target:
                left = mid + 1
            else:
                right = mid - 1
        return -1
    
    def search(self, nums: List[int], target: int) -> int:
        n = len(nums)
        pivot = self.searchMinimum(nums, 0, n - 1)
        res = self.binarySearch(nums, 0, pivot - 1, target)
        if res != -1:
            return res
        return self.binarySearch(nums, pivot, n - 1, target)