451. Sort Characters By Frequency

Medium (Trung bình) C++ 🔗 Xem trên LeetCode

📋 Đề Bài

Given a string s, sort it in decreasing order based on the frequency of the characters. The frequency of a character is the number of times it appears in the string.

Return the sorted string. If there are multiple answers, return any of them.

 

Example 1:

Input: s = "tree"
Output: "eert"
Explanation: 'e' appears twice while 'r' and 't' both appear once.
So 'e' must appear before both 'r' and 't'. Therefore "eetr" is also a valid answer.

Example 2:

Input: s = "cccaaa"
Output: "aaaccc"
Explanation: Both 'c' and 'a' appear three times, so both "cccaaa" and "aaaccc" are valid answers.
Note that "cacaca" is incorrect, as the same characters must be together.

Example 3:

Input: s = "Aabb"
Output: "bbAa"
Explanation: "bbaA" is also a valid answer, but "Aabb" is incorrect.
Note that 'A' and 'a' are treated as two different characters.

 

Constraints:

  • 1 <= s.length <= 5 * 105
  • s consists of uppercase and lowercase English letters and digits.

🧠 Thuật Toán & Kỹ Thuật

Hash Table (Bảng băm)String (Chuỗi)
⏱️ Thời gian O(n)
💾 Không gian O(n)

💻 Lời Giải

C++ 0451-sort-characters-by-frequency.cpp
class Solution {
public:
    unordered_map<int, int> um;
    string frequencySort(string s) {
        for (char c : s) {
            um[c]++;
        }
        sort(s.begin(), s.end(), [&](char a, char b) {
            if (um[a] != um[b]) {
                return um[a] > um[b];
            }
            return a < b;
        });
        return s;
    }
};